–Reverse Funnel
Layer up from a broader area to focus on your area of research: Background→Research
Background→Research
Introduction
Background
Environmental background or research background.
Point out current problems
▼In some previous studies
What rescarch has been done on the problem?
Shortcomings of previous studies
▼Our solution to this defect
▼the advantages of
our solution
▼Article
The advantages of our solution
▼Article
The Introduction contains several points: (1) a “hat”, pointing out the current problem; the general background of the current research.
(1) A “hat”, pointing out the current problem; what is the general background of the current research. In the current
What are the key issues that need to be addressed in the current context.
(2) In response to the problem, the current state of research, say the current shortcomings; (3) In response to the problem, the current state of research, say the current shortcomings.
(3) In response to the current shortcomings, propose our means (key points); (4) In response to the problem, the current state of research, state the current shortcomings.
(4) Provide some descriptions of our proposed means; and
(5) Refinement of the whole text.
Introduction[10-sentence principle.
■ Sentence 1 Introduce the context: Studies over the past two decades have provided important information on…
■ Sentence 2 Definition of key terms: While a variety of definitions of the term x have been suggested, this paper will use the definition first suggested by Smith (1 968) who saw it as….
Sentence 3 Importance of the topic: In the history of development eco nomics,x has been thought of as a key factor in….
Or the reason for the research topic: Despite its long clinical sucess,X has a number of problems in use.However,these rapid changes are having a serious effect on…
■ Sentence 4 emphasises the shortcomings of previous research: Although extensive research has been carried out on x. no single study exists which.
■Sentence 5 briefly describes your methodology: A combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches was used in the data analysis.
■ Sentence 6 Indicative meaning: The present research explores, for the first time, the effects of However, due to practical constraints, this Paper Cannot provide a The present research explores, for the first time, the effects of However, due to practical constraints, this Paper cannot provide a comprehensive review of.
■Sentence 7 Statement: The main issues addressed in this paper are:a),b) and c).
■ Sentences 8-10 Outline of the article structure:This paper first gives a brief overview of the recent history of X; The third chapter is concerned with the methodology used for this study The third chapter is concerned with the methodology used for this study ;The fourth section presents the findings of the
The fourth section presents the findings of the research,focusing on the three key themes that….
The fourth section presents the findings of the research,focusing on the three key themes that.
discussed in [3] and [6.]
X[4] and Y[3] indicate that…..
X et al.[1] argue that…..
One of the first examples … presented in [2].
Another/The latest solution is described in [3].
The results obtaine/offered by X in[5]suggest ….
Recently,several authorsI[),[5],[7] have proposed(a new thery….
X[2] and X[5] have demonstrated that…
A/The most interesting approach to this issue has been proposed by [2]…
1 suggests that the field has been less researched in the past
However,to the authors/authorsbest knowledge,very few publications can be found/are available in the literature that discuss/address the issue of ….
To the . authofts/authorsknowee…. . has/have been scarcely investigated from the point of view the theoretical point of view.
