Are you confused by the citation formatting required for various elements when writing an excellent essay?
Proper citation formatting can help enhance the quality of an essay, while the opposite may lead instructors to question its academic merit. Many students rely on websites such as cite this for me to handle citation formatting; however, these services often have accuracy issues.
Below you will find a list of citation formats and tips to help you quickly grasp the rules of citation and avoid missteps.
1. APA (for social sciences): When citing in the text, include (author’s last name, year of publication);
2. MLA (mainly used in the field of humanities): in-text citation, you need to include (author’s last name, page number), and need to be accompanied by a “references” page;
3. Harvard (widely used): in-text citations should include (author’s last name, year of publication).
If the citation does not contain the author’s name, the first word of the title of the article or book may be used as an alternative. 4.
4. Chicago (applicable to humanities and natural disciplines): the most commonly used footnote citation, suitable for literature, history and other humanities; also available author – year of the traditional citation format, applicable to scientific disciplines. This article focuses on the former.
Chicago format, citation marking needs to be gradually numbered in the upper right-hand corner of the main text paragraph, the number is placed at the end of the sentence, outside the comma, the whole paragraph in consecutive order. Notes can be endnotes or footnotes in two ways, footnotes in the cited literature at the bottom of the page, four lines from the last line of the text; endnotes must start a new page, and according to the order of appearance in the text sequential arrangement. The notes should include the following information: author’s name (first name followed by last name), title of the work (in extra italics), edition number, location of the publisher, publisher’s information, year of publication, and page number (the latter two in parentheses), and, in the case of an article, the name of the periodical, the number of volumes/issues, and the year of publication, and the page number.
