Research methods are necessary for understanding, assessing and solving complex problems. Understanding different research philosophies, approaches and strategies can help us to tackle various problems in a more scientific manner. This paper will analyse the various aspects of research methodology in detail to help employers better understand and use this tool.
I. Introduction
It is well known that both qualitative and quantitative research require strict research methodology as a guide. The correct use of research methods and the correct interpretation of the results play a crucial role in business decision-making.
II.Purpose of the research and its problems
The prerequisite for research is to define the research purpose and related research questions. The research purpose determines the research question, while the research question guides us in choosing the appropriate research method. For example, if the research purpose is to reveal the regularity of things, then we may choose quantitative research; conversely, if the research purpose is to explore the essential characteristics of things, then we may prefer qualitative research. Similarly, research questions are also generated according to the research purpose, such as the object of research, the scope of research, and the duration of research. Usually, we need to come up with three research questions that are closely related to the research purpose to ensure the completeness and rationality of the research process.
III. Research Philosophy
Research philosophy refers to the researcher’s cognitive framework for the research undertaken, including the view of the source, nature, and evolution of knowledge. Research philosophy plays a key role in the entire research process by helping us understand the research hypotheses, guiding the research design, and ultimately influencing our data analysis. Therefore, it is crucial to have an accurate grasp of research philosophy.
IV. Research Methods
Common research approaches are inductive (observing data to find patterns) and deductive (generating hypotheses and validating them based on an existing theoretical base). If the purpose of the research is more exploratory, then inductive method is more appropriate; if the focus is more on verifying the research hypothesis, then deductive method is a better choice. There are many types of research, including observation, interviews, focus group discussions, and so on. In qualitative research, these methods are the basic tools; while in quantitative research, questionnaires and experimental strategies are the core techniques. Also, we need to clarify whether we choose to conduct qualitative or quantitative research.
V. Conclusion
After choosing the research method, we can proceed to implement the research. During the process, adjustments need to be made according to the actual situation. Research philosophies and perspectives should always be consistent in order to arrive at conclusions that meet expectations. At the same time, blind pursuit of popular methods and over-reliance on advanced statistical techniques should also be avoided, and returning to the actual needs is the most important. To sum up, research methodology runs through the whole research process, and on the basis of clear research objectives and problems, research philosophy, research method, research approach and strategy should be reasonably selected in order to maximise the quality of research and the effectiveness of the results, and to provide effective support and reference for enterprises.
