第一步:介绍理论背景(theoreticalramework)
在回顾具体的文献前，需要先介绍出你的research topic下的理论背景或模型，因为这是所有literature的foundation! 是最fundamental的东西!
第二步.介绍已有研究(existing literature)
回顾的时候一定要做到两件事:
1.有重点!
这里注意，虽然是iterature review,但一定不是文献的堆积，要be selective!选出最和你研究课题相关的45篇文章重点
回顾，其他的可以简略的说。
2.有层次!
不仅单篇文章重要，文章和文章之间的相互关系更重要!所以需要你对阅读的literature进行归纳分类和比对。
例如可以把相同观点(或使用相同研究方法)的文章在一个段落介绍:
同时要突出文献之间的冲突感!因为有了冲突感才能让文献回顾显得有层次，激发读者兴趣往下读!
[已有研究]万能句型
Recent evidence suggests that….
Extensive/Previous/Prior researchhas shownthat…
Previous researchhas established that….
A series of recent studies have indicated that..
Studiesoverthe pasttwo decadeshave providedimportant informationon…
Thereisagrowingbodyofliterature thatinvestigates”.
Ample evidence existstosupport the view/hypothesis tat..
Researchers havebecome neaesigiyinterese……..
isanemerging researcharea intheflof….
[研究冲突]万能句型
The extent towhich… has remained controversial.
Whether and the extent towhich .. determines the… is controversial.
However, the extent towhichthemodelof… infuences…
has been under muchdebateinthe lof-.ome… where as some…
There appear to be discrepandies between someof the reported observations.
The results onthis questionare mixed.
Researchonthis isue presentsconficingfindings.
The iteatureon is less consistent.
Thereis farless consensusas to…
第三步.介绍researchgap
已有的研究回顾完了，就该展现你的研究了。也就是我们必
须要回答的whyyou are doingwhatyou are doing的问题。
现有研究存在哪些问题?
哪些还没有被研究到?
哪些文章你没有被它们的结论convince?
哪些地方你觉得需要被改进?
这都是你的criticalthinking,是属于你的精华!
[research gap]万能句型(缺少前人研究)
While/Whist/Although some/extensive/a considerable body of research has been carried out on * much less is known abut…
To date, this problem has received ite/scant atention in the research literature.
The role of… in… isless certain/understudied/poorlunderstood.
So far, however, there has beenvery ittle discussionabout…
Incontrast to.”,. thereis much less information about the ffctsof…
[researchgap]万能句型(前人研究缺陷)
This seems to be a common problem in…
The limitations of .. are increasingly apparent.
One limitation in… is that…
The existing studies have many problems in …
The existing accounts fail to rsole/adress…
Half ofthe studies evaluated filed to specify….
sresearch is not without controversy.
第四步.介绍当前的研究(the currentstudy)
最后就可以很自然的引出你的study了。这里是一个overview,以及需要再次明确你的researchaim。这里应该和第三步的研究断层一致，才能前后呼应。
[researchaim]万能句型
This studylperlessay is aimed at../provides an vierview of…/ discusses the role of …in… / invstiates the factors that detemine..
The aim of this study is twofold. The ftst is to.The second is to…
